The scientists collected seven miniature human organs and has combined to create a “human-on-a-chip.”
The mini man ‘£ 26 million is unveiled at today
[19459002organe-on-a-chipCongrèsmondialde2016aeulieuàBostonMassachussetts] previous innovations include increasingly liver, lung and a part of the intestine on a “chip” similar.
But this is the first time several major organs were combined to create a human micro-system that mimics the functioning of our physiology.
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the chip has narrow channels, as a circuit board that allows a blood mimicking fluid to circulate around the organs in actual human tissue.
The “man” miniature no legs, or a brain to make them move.
The innovation is far from the Frankenstein monster and is part of a larger plan to create safer and more effective drugs.
scientists who created the chip, the medical company Oxfordshire CN Bio Innovations, hope it will bring safer and more effective drugs.
They claim the technology can be used to test new potentially dangerous drugs and their reaction on our bodies – removing the need for human volunteers or animals in the laboratory.
First scientists needed a board to contain and combine the organs so they can work together.
Made of soft polymer and full of microscopic channels, it can imitate our blood vessel system.
Porous, flexible membranes are placed within a channel, and human cells are cultured or implanted after being collected from the surgical procedures.
fluid rich in nutrients such as human blood can carry oxygen is flowing the channel on the same side as the cells of blood vessels.
In the case of a mini-lung, for example, blood vessels and carry oxygen to pass through the membrane wall.
The entire structure can stretch out and relax – just like a human lung as he breathes.
Labs already use simple organs on a chip to test their drugs because of restrictions on animal testing.
“Pharmaceutical companies don ‘t test animal love” the CEO of CN Bio, Dr. Emma Sceats who is in Boston for the convention told the Mirror.
Moreover, the US Department of Defense and the National Institutes of Health are using the technology to find a countermeasure for chemical weapons.
scientists use the system as an artificial human being to test the body’s reaction to certain drugs. This will eliminate the need for human volunteers in risky drug trials and animal testing in pharmaceutical laboratories, they hope.
For obvious reasons, it is almost impossible to test chemical and biological weapons on human beings at present.
But a group based at the Wyss Institute at Harvard University in Boston, is adapting “bone marrow on a chip” to study the effects of radiation .
Hopefully they can connect the organs such as the CN Bio to create a “chippiens Homo” they can test nuclear waste.
another project supported by the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) aims to connect ten or more bodies together to help us defend against chemical attacks.
scientists from Harvard University Wyss Institute develop a gut on a chip like the one shown above
He said, “the platform that results should increase the quality and potentially the number of new therapies move through the pipeline and in clinical care.
Another project funded by the National Center for the Advancement of Science Translational the US also aims to join four chips of organs together.
The three dimensional tissues are grown in layers inside the plastic chips that are the size of a memory stick from the computer.
Each chip contains tiny channels that mimic the structure of the body and are lined with human cells. The nutrients provided by blood flowing through the canals.
The Harvard University researchers were able to create kidneys, intestine, bone marrow and lungs on a chip using the technique.
Dr. Donald Ingber, a bioengineer at Harvard University’s Wyss Institute who runs much of the work, said the idea was to imitate the chemical function and mechanical organs.
The lung on a chip, pictured above, attempts to mimic the chemical and mechanical function of the organ
Darpa wants to combine the organs grown on chips to produce a “body on a chip”, as shown in the graph above
the above graph shows how the lung cells are grown on a porous membrane with cells of the blood vessels grown below. Fluid as human blood is then poured along one side of the channel and air along the other
He said: “This is the idea of replace animal studies for drug testing with small microengineered devices that are lined with human cells and restore functions of organs level.
by combining several of these together, then it may become possible to study how bodies work together to ensure that a drug that targets an organ not harm others
He said :. ‘. could connect the beating heart to the lung that breathes
Speaking of the journal Nature, he said his team had also adapt their bone marrow on a chip to study exposure radiation.
He added: “It is unethical to expose humans to the type of radiation that you would see in a disaster like Fukushima, but you must be prepared.
The US Department of Defense wanted to support this work as a way to verify that its inventory of countermeasures against chemical and biological warfare agents do actually work.
Many of them have not been tested in humans due to ethical problems with exposing them to deadly weapons.
microbiologist Joshua Powell, the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington, at a recent meeting of the American Society for Microbiology it was conducing tests using the anthrax on rabbit lung cells cultured on a chip.
In nature, he said the US Department of Homeland Security wants to use a similar organization on a chip technology to study anthrax in the human body.
www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech
Scientists create a 'HUMAN-on-a-chip': Miniature functioning organs could someday put an end to animal testing
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